{"id":58866,"date":"2024-01-12T11:07:09","date_gmt":"2024-01-12T09:07:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/?p=58866"},"modified":"2024-09-28T17:38:43","modified_gmt":"2024-09-28T14:38:43","slug":"monism-and-dualism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/el\/monism-and-dualism\/","title":{"rendered":"\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03c5\u03ca\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5 Padma Sri \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u039a\u03b1\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Parame\u015bvara \u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 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\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. <br>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Parame\u015bvara \u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u039f\u03bd \u03ae \u03cd\u03c8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae. <br>\u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2: \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. <br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03ca\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2. \u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd C\u0101rv\u0101ka \u03ae Lok\u0101yata.<br>\u039f \u03b4\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ved\u0101nta \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b5 \u03bf R\u0101m\u0101nuj\u0101c\u0101rya \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 vi\u015bi\u1e63\u1e6d\u0101dvaita Ved\u0101nta \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Ved\u0101nta<br>\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 (1017-1137 \u039a\u0395).<br>\u03a4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya (1238-1313) \u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 dvaita \u03b4\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ved\u0101nta. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 Advaita Ved\u0101nta \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0100di\u015ba\u1e45kara. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac<br>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (p\u016br\u1e47a praj\u00f1a \u2018\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u2019) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 (advaitin).<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 <strong>tat-tvam-asi<\/strong> \u2018<em>\u0395\u03c3\u03cd \u0395\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf<\/em>\u2019 (Ch\u0101ndogya \u039f\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 8.7). \u0397 \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 8 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 4 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (<em>mah\u0101v\u0101kya<\/em>) \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. <br>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: <br><strong>aha\u1e43 brahma-asmi<\/strong> \u2018<em>\u0395\u03b3\u03ce \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd<\/em>\u2019 (B\u1e5bhad\u0101ra\u1e47yaka \u039f\u03c5\u03c0 1.4.10).<br><strong>ayam \u0101tm\u0101 brahma<\/strong> \u2018<em>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 [\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf] \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 [\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5] \u03c4\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd<\/em> (M\u0101\u1e47\u1e0dukya \u039f\u03c5\u03c0 2).<br><strong>praj\u00f1\u0101na\u1e43 brahma <\/strong>\u2018<em>\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/em>\u2019 (Aitareya \u039f\u03c5\u03c0 3.3.).<br>(\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 5\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>sarva\u1e43 khalu-ida\u1e43 brahma<\/strong> <em>\u2018\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd [\u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf]<\/em>\u2019 (Ch\u0101ndogya \u039f\u03c5\u03c0 3.14.1).)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>tat-tvam-asi<\/strong> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <strong>aha\u1e43 brahma-asmi<\/strong> \u2018<em>\u0395\u03b3\u03ce \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf brahman<\/em>\u2019. <br>\u0393\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u201c\u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0386\u03c4\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd: <strong>tat satya\u1e43 sa \u0101tm\u0101\u201d<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>a-tat-tvam-asi<\/strong>, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb. <em>\u03b5\u03c3\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd (a-) \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf<\/em> (\u03ae, <em>\u03b5\u03c3\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7-\u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf<\/em>)! \u039c\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 t<strong>at-satya\u1e43 sa \u0101tm\u0101 tat-tvam asi <\/strong>\u2018<em>\u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0386\u03c4\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9<\/em>\u2019! <br>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03b2\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 (\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd R\u0101m\u0101nuj\u0101carya) \u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7. \u039a\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc (\u0395\u03b3\u03ce \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u038e\u03c8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc (\u0395\u03b3\u03ce \u03ba\u03b9 \u0395\u03c3\u03cd, \u0398\u03b5\u03ad \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5)!<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd K\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e47a (=Krishna) \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u0386\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 <em>Bhagavad-G\u012bt\u0101<\/em>. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0386\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03c3\u03ac\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 (\u0100di\u015ba\u1e45kara) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03bf\u03b9 \u039f\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u00a74 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Brahmas\u016btra \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0386\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03c3\u03ac\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 advaita ved\u0101nta.<br><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2&nbsp;<strong>\u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/el\/kazanas-awarded-padma-shri\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039b\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/a>&nbsp;\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0397\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 26 \u0399\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a7\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf 1939. \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03af\u03b1. \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf University College, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039f\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf School of Economic Science \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf School of Oriental and African Studies (\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf) \u2013 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 (Varanasi) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1 (Pune) \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1, \u039f\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 1976 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/omilosmeleton.gr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u039f\u03bc\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/a>&nbsp;\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1997 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf-\u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf-\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.&nbsp;\u03a4\u03bf \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf Adyar Library \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5&nbsp;<em>The Dialogues of Plato and the Upanishads<\/em>&nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9&nbsp;<em>Vedic &amp; Mesopotamian Interactions<\/em>. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1:&nbsp;<em>Indo-Aryan Origins and Other Vedic Issues<\/em>&nbsp;(2009 N. Delhi, Aditia Prakashan) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9&nbsp;<em>Vedic and Indo-European Studies: Linguistic Evidences for Indigenism&nbsp;<\/em>(2015, Aditya). \u0395\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u038c\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u0393\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf-\u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (<em>\u0395\u03c5\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac<\/em>&nbsp;1980, \u03ba\u03bb\u03c0) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 10 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u039f\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u039a\u03b1\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u039b\u0399\u039d\u0395\u03a0\u0391:<br><a href=\"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/vedan-ta-kai-methodos\/\">\u0392\u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03bd-\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a>,\u00a0<em>INDIKA<\/em>\u00a02024<br><a href=\"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/el\/monism-and-dualism\/\">\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03c5\u03ca\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/a>, <em>INDIKA<\/em>\u00a02024<br><a href=\"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/el\/oi-dialogoi-tou-platona-kai-oi-oupanisades\/\">\u039f\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u039f\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2<\/a>,\u00a0<em>INDIKA<\/em>\u00a02023\u00a0<br><a href=\"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/vedic-and-greek-aorists\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vedic and Greek Aorists<\/a>,\u00a0<em>INDIKA<\/em>\u00a02023\u00a0<br><a href=\"https:\/\/elinepa.org\/el\/nasadiya-sukta-kazanas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u038e\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (n\u0101sad\u012bya s\u016bkta) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1e5ag Veda 10.129<\/a>,\u00a0<em>\u0399\u039d\u0394\u0399\u039a\u0391<\/em>\u00a02023<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/tboux8yndahst0i\/RENAISSANCES%20GREEK%20AND%20%20INDIC%20CONTRIBUTIONS.pdf?dl=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">RENAISSANCES: GREEK &amp; INDIC CONTRIBUTIONS<\/a>,\u00a0<em>INDIKA<\/em>\u00a02014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5 Padma Sri \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u039a\u03b1\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Parame\u015bvara \u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":58898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meletes-arthra"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03c5\u03ca\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 - \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u039f-\u0399\u039d\u0394\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u0395\u03a4\u0391\u0399\u03a1\u0395\u0399\u0391 \u03a0\u039f\u039b\u0399\u03a4\u0399\u03a3\u039c\u039f\u03a5 &amp; 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